Is This a Septic Problem or a Plumbing Problem?
5 min read
Something is wrong with your drains and you are not sure who to call. A plumber and a septic company do different things, and calling the wrong one costs you time and money. This checklist helps you figure out which one you need.
The Quick Rule
Multiple drains affected at the same time = most likely septic. One drain affected = most likely plumbing.
That single test is right about 80% of the time. The checklist below covers the remaining 20%.
Symptom Checklist
All drains in the house are slow
Likely septic. The tank may be full or the drain field is saturated. Call a septic company.
Only one drain is slow
Likely plumbing. You have a localized clog. Try a plunger first, then call a plumber if it does not clear.
Gurgling sounds in multiple drains
Likely septic. Air is being pushed back through the plumbing because water cannot flow out of the tank or into the drain field.
Sewage smell in the yard
Septic. Call a septic company right away. This usually means the tank is overflowing or the drain field is failing.
Standing water or soggy ground over the drain field
Septic emergency. The drain field is saturated. Stop using water and call for emergency service.
Septic alarm is going off
Septic. The alarm means the water level in the tank or pump chamber is too high. Call your septic company.
Only the toilet is backing up
Could be either. Try plunging first. If it clears, it was a plumbing clog. If plunging does not work and other drains start slowing too, it may be septic.
Water is backing up in the basement floor drain only
Likely plumbing. The main house drain may be clogged between the basement and the septic tank. A plumber with a sewer snake is usually the right call.
A single sink or shower drains slowly
Plumbing. Hair, soap buildup, or a small clog in the P-trap. Try a drain cleaner or call a plumber.
If You Determined This Is a Septic Issue
Your next step is to call a septic company. If the situation is urgent (sewage in the yard, all drains backed up), look for a company that offers emergency or same-day service.
Our emergency action guide walks you through exactly what to do while you wait for the technician.
If You Determined This Is a Plumbing Issue
You probably need a plumber, not a septic company. We are a septic directory and do not list plumbers. Search for licensed plumbers in your area on Google or ask your neighbors for a recommendation.
One exception: if your main sewer line (the pipe between your house and the septic tank) is clogged, some septic companies can help with that. Call and describe the situation. They will tell you if it is something they handle.
Still Not Sure?
When in doubt, call a septic company first. Most will tell you over the phone if your problem sounds like a plumbing issue rather than a septic issue, and some will recommend a plumber they work with. You will not be charged for a phone call.
Need a Septic Company?
Find licensed septic companies near you for diagnosis and repair.